Weight Loss
Weight Loss Problems and Genetic Mutations Discovery.
A genetic mutation associated with high body mass index (BMI) has been identified and has resulted in a suggestion that these people may be able to offset their increased risk for obesity through physical activity to achieve their desired weight loss. Exercise is essential in any weight loss program.
Fat mass and obesity associated gene variants have been associated with increased BMI, higher fat mass, and the presence of obesity in white adults and children. Others were excluded. These genetic variants are common, with up to 30% of some European populations identified as genetic carriers. They are also powerful and if their presence was realised, could assist in knowing how to achieve weight loss.
Each gene variant is associated with an increase in body weight. So far, these fat mass and obesity genes have been demonstrated to function in the hypothalamus and within fatty tissue.
This information was determined in a research project where 704 adult participants were all members of an Old Order Amish community in Pennsylvania. One of reason for choosing this community was because they all have very similar lifestyles. A very interesting study for this group.
The mean age was 43.6 years, and 53% of them were men. The mean BMI in women was 27.8 kg/m2, and the mean BMI in men was 25.7 kg/m2.
Everyone underwent a clinical examination, which included measurements of waist circumference and body composition. Each had an activity monitor attached to the hip which recorded their activity for seven consecutive days. They also underwent genotyping to identify fat mass and obesity associated gene variants. The main outcomes of the study were the interaction between fat mass and obesity associated gene variants and the presence of obesity and how physical activity modified this relationship.
For men, 54% were overweight and 10.% were obese. The women were 63.7% overweight and 30.5% obese. Researchers discovered 92 variants residing in the Fat mass and obesity associated gene, and 26 of these were associated with BMI.
For those familiar with gene science, rs1861868 was the variant most associated with BMI. Each A allele of rs1861868 was associated with a 2-kg increase in weight and a 0.75 increase in BMI. It was also discovered that this same gene variant also was associated with increased waist circumference, total fat mass, and percentage of fat mass.
The C allele rs1477196 was also associated with higher BMI (0.84 increase per risk allele). Both rs1861868 and rs1477196 significantly increased BMI only in participants in the lower half of the physical activity distribution. The odds ratio for obesity in less active individuals was 1.28 and 1.58 for each allele, respectively.
The differences in activity between the high and low activity strata was 860 calories for women and 980 calories for men. This difference would be best expressed as being approximately 3 to 4 hours of moderately intense physical activity daily which indicates that noticeable Weight loss can be achieved by people if they are to increase their level of physical activity by just a moderate amount.
These fat mass and obesity associated gene variants are common and have been associated with BMI, fat mass, and the presence of obesity in white adults and children.
The results of the research reveals that fat mass and obesity associated gene variants were associated with increased BMI, and that these gene variants did increase the risk for obesity in individuals, but this was only if there was lower than normal physical activity. Increased physical activity can be expected to offset these gene variations quite significantly. Successful Weight loss can be achieved by people with these gene variations.
Noel Crowe
skype: noel.crowe1
+61 2 46485033
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